Group+1

​Group 1: Shelly, Michele, Renee, and Carra

**__Culture__ **
According to Professor Jackson, “Culture is.”

Culture is defined in many different ways by different people. For example; “Culture is the shared knowledge and schemes created by a set of people for perceiving, interpreting, expressing, and responding to the social realities around them" ([]). In other words culture is everything an area has in common. Things such as language, food, family background, location, ethnic background, religion, social status, etc. According to Pierre Borudieu in the //Inventing Popular Culture // (2003), “culture is not what one is but what one has, or rather what one has become” (Storey 44), The word culture alone can also be defined as “Culture is the sum of total of the learned behavior of a group of people that are generally considered to be the tradition of that people and are transmitted from generation to generation” ([]). The activities are handed down from parent to child and are considered culture.

**__Folk Culture__ **
Folk culture is defined as “Traditional modes of behavior and expression that are transmitted from generation to generation (by firsthand interaction) among a group or people” ([]). The behavior that is typically seen in rural areas can be considered part of that particular folk culture. Folk culture includes local festivities, foods, holidays, language, etc. Examples of folk culture in San Antonio include the activities surrounding Fiesta, the tamales for Christmas; instead of the traditional turkey or ham, and the Strawberry Festival.

The traditional activities surrounding fiesta include William Fair, Battle of Flowers, and NIOSA festival. The King William Fair is in the historical King William District. Local artisans and vendors set up booths to sell their items with the proceeds going to arts education and community improvement. NIOSA, or Night in Old San Antonio, is an event that celebrates San Antonio’s diverse culture; venders set up and all the proceeds are donated to San Antonio Conversation Society. The Battle of Flowers Parade is the closing parade for Fiesta signaling the end of fiesta. The parade was originally designed to teach the traditions and patriotism of Texas. Currently the parade’s floats are all centered on the annual theme for fiesta and the local high school bands perform for thousands of people each year.

The Strawberry Festival is one of the oldest and most popular events in Texas. The festival includes nationally known country and Tejano concerts, gunslingers, clowns, puppets, regional bands, and rodeo performances and eating strawberries.



**__Mass Culture: The study of the culture of the masses__ **
Mass culture is defined as “ the culture that is widely disseminated via the mass media culture- the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group.” Mass culture is how culture gets produced, whereas popular culture is how culture gets consumed.

( [] )

__Popular Culture__
Popular culture is defined as “A shared set of practices and beliefs that have attained global acceptance and which can be normally characterized by: being associated with commercial products; developing from local to national to global acceptance; allowing consumers to have widespread access and are constantly changing and evolving” ( [] ).

Popular Culture like Mass Culture is the arts, artifacts, entertainment, fads, beliefs and values that are shared by large segments of society. Media has a strong role in defining and perpetuating trends and influences in popular culture. In Post-War America, popular culture is undeniably associated with commercial culture and all its trappings; movies, television, radio, cyberspace, advertising, toys, nearly any commodity available for purchase, many forms of art, photography, games, and even group "experiences" like collective comet-watching or line dancing.

Examples




The above images are example icons for popular culture because whether or not you can read the signs you know what they are. As for the Andy Warhol image (soup can) even if you don’t recognize his name most of us at least recognize his work.

__What are cultural studies?__
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: left;">“Cultural Studies is a relatively new academic phenomenon, having emerged in the 1960s as an 'anti-disciplinary' discipline – a project that explicitly sough to bridge gaps between the study of Literature, History, Sociology, Anthropology and Communication. Marxist in its orientation, it was and is an intellectual endeavor aimed at understanding, theorizing, critiquing and otherwise taking seriously the role of culture as crucial terrain of political and ideological contestation.” []

“Cultural studies is the science of understanding modern society, with an emphasis on politics and power. Cultural studies is an umbrella term used to look at a number of different subjects. Categories studied include media studies including film and journalism, sociology, industrial culture, globalization and social theory. To pursue cultural studies is to try to decipher the world that we live in.” []

<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">__Hegemony__
<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Our definition of hegemony is when a strong, dominate power imposes their beliefs on a weaker or subordinate group.

Examples
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: normal;">**<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">1. ** <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"> leadership or predominant influence exercised by one nation over others, as in a confederation.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">2. **<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"> leadership; predominance.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">3. **<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"> (esp. among smaller nations) aggression or expansionism by large nations in an effort to achieve world domination.

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">

Adolf Hitler was a strong force that managed to convince a large number of people that his ideas and beliefs were right. His beliefs and actions are an example of hegemony.

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Another example would be in the beauty industry. The people in the advertisements are perfect and mange to convince the rest of us that their “perfection” is our own idea of perfection and we buy in to the image. Gia, the model shown above, was once considered the first supermodel.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">__Pierre Bourdieu__


<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: left;">Pierre Bourdieu was a French sociologist born in 1930 who had many theories about the way the world works. He believed that how you understand the beauty of the world helped to determine your social class standing. He theorized that we teach our children their social status though our own preferences and understanding. “According to Bourdieu, tastes in food, culture and presentation are indicators of class because trends in their consumption seemingly correlate with an individual’s fit in society” (<span style="display: inline; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: left;">[]). An example would include the feeling one gets when walking into an art gallery and feeling out of place, simply because they are not part of the elite class.

“The French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, working with various colleagues, developed the concept of cultural capital in the early 1960s in order to help address a particular empirical problem—namely, the fact that “economic obstacles are not sufficient to explain” disparities in the educational attainment of children from different social classes (Bourdieu & Passeron 1979 [1964], 8). Bourdieu argued that, above and beyond economic factors, “cultural habits and…dispositions inherited from” the family are fundamentally important to school success (Bourdieu & Passeron 1979 [1964],14). In doing so, he broke sharply with traditional sociological conceptions of culture, which tended to view it primarily as a source of shared norms and values, or as a vehicle of collective expression. Instead, Bourdieu maintained that culture shares many of the properties that are characteristic of economic capital. In particular, he asserted that cultural “habits and dispositions” comprise a resource capable of generating “profits”; they are potentially subject to monopolization by individuals and groups; and, under appropriate conditions, they can be transmitted from one generation to the next (Lareau and Weininger 2003).” <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">[] <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: left;"> “The term cultural capital refers to non-financial social assets, for example educational or intellectual, which might promote social mobility beyond economic means. Cultural capital (le capital culturel) is a sociological concept that has gained widespread popularity since it was first articulated by Pierre Bourdieu.” [] “The concept of cultural capital originated in the work of Pierre Bourdieu (1979, pp. 10, 12), who defined it as high cultural knowledge that ultimately redounds to the owner's financial and social advantage. An example would be knowing how to "dress for success." This cultural knowledge can pay off. Although they naturally seek competent personnel, employers also prefer executives who dress, talk, and comport themselves in accordance with their elite status. As a result, a job-seeker's sartorial knowledge commands a salary beyond what his or her productivity alone would have commanded. In effect, the well-dressed candidate gets a salary bonus.” [|Cultural Capital - Examples Of Cultural Capital, Occupational Culture And Competence, Immigrant Experience, Bibliography] [|http://science.jrank.org/pages/7607/Cultural-Capital.html#ixzz0oDRJmu9m]

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">__Antonio Gramsci__


<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Gramsci was an Italian socialist, political theorist and activist. After entering the University of Turin, he joined the Italian Socialist Party in 1914. In 1921 he left the Socialists to found the Italian Communist Party ( //<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">see //<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> Democratic Party of the Left), and he spent two years in the Soviet Union. In 1924 he became head of the party and was elected to the national legislature. He saw the church as his greatest enemy in bringing about a communist revolution. He devised a plan to bring the church to ruin by destroying their customs and beliefs and create a new culture. The party was outlawed by the fascist government of Benito Mussolini in 1926, and Gramsci was arrested and imprisoned for 11 years; in poor health, he was released to die at 46. His influential //<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Letters from Prison //<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> (1947) and other writings outline a version of communism less dogmatic than Soviet communism. His work has influenced sociology, political theory, and international relations. He is renowned for his concept of cultural hegemony as a means of maintaining the state in a capitalist society. The other term first used in his writings was organic intellectual which is connected to the dominant social class that makes decissions which influence society's values and beliefs. []

<span style="color: windowtext; display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif; text-align: center;">__Hegemony according to Grumsci__
<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"> Organized by those whom Grumsci designated “organic intellectuals” Examples of Organic Intellectuals:

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">Oprah Kennedys Celebrities Politicians
<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Grumsci argued that people <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">**<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">MAKE ** <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"> popular culture. <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">**<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">MAKING ** <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"> popular culture can be empowering to subordinate and resistant to dominant understandings of the world.

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">Grumsci saw popular culture as neither an “authentic” folk culture, working class culture, or subculture, nor a cultural simply impaired by the capitalist culture industries, but compromise equilibrium between the two. A contradictory mix of forces from both “below” or “above” both “commercial” and “authentic” marked by both “resistance” and “unincorporated”, “structure” and “agency”. (Storey)
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">__Cultural Studies according to Grumsci__ **

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">__Modernism__
<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Modernism was a period of time following the Enlightenment where we began to look only for definitive answers and everything was seen as black or white. It became a time of scientific thought and where progress was inescapable. Architecture and other artistic outlets were very simplistic and was created for a sole purpose; for example all houses were built a certain way and all schools in another way.

“Modernism is an experiment in finding the inner truths of a situation. It can be characterized by self-consciousness and reflexiveness. This is very closely related to Postmodernism (Sarup 1993)” (http://www.as.ua.edu/ant/Faculty/murphy/436/pomo.htm).



==<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 14pt;">__Postmodernism__ ** ==

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">A general and wide-ranging term which is applied to literature, art, philosophy, architecture, fiction, and cultural and literary criticism, among others. Postmodernism is largely a reaction to the assumed certainty of scientific, or objective, efforts to explain reality. In essence, it stems from a recognition that reality is not simply mirrored in human understanding of it, but rather, is constructed as the mind tries to understand its own particular and personal reality. For this reason, postmodernism is highly skeptical of explanations which claim to be valid for all groups, cultures, traditions, or races, and instead focuses on the relative truths of each person. In the postmodern understanding, interpretation is everything; reality only comes into being through our interpretations of what the world means to us individually. Postmodernism relies on concrete experience over abstract principles, knowing always that the outcome of one's own experience will necessarily be fallible and relative, rather than certain and universal. Postmodernism is "post" because it is denies the existence of any ultimate principles, and it lacks the optimism of there being a scientific, philosophical, or religious truth which will explain everything for everybody - a characteristic of the so-called "modern" mind. The paradox of the postmodern position is that, in placing all principles under the scrutiny of its skepticism, it must realize that even its own principles are not beyond questioning. What the modernism did to culture by inventing things or apparatuses that made life easier postmodernism had to deal with the effects of these inventions on our environment. As discussed in class the things we created to make life easier has had a negative impact on our environment. []

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">**__Theorist of Postmodernism__**
<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A few postmodernism theorists listed in our text book //Inventing Popular Culture// are Susan Sontag, Lawrence Alloway, Frederic Jameson, Jean-Francois Lyotard, and Jean Baudrillard. According to our text book, Jean-Francois Lyotard, and Jean Baudrillard did the most to change the cultural map.

__**Susan Sontag**__ <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;"> – “American essayist, short story writer, and novelist, a leading commentator on modern culture, whose innovative essays on such diverse subjects as camp, pornographic literature, fascist aesthetics, photography, AIDS, and revolution gained a wide attention. Sontag also wrote screenplays and directed films. She had a great impact on experimental art in the 1960s and 1970s, and she introduced many new stimulating ideas to American culture.” “She is also noted for coining the phrase “new sensibility” in the 1960s. Evidence of the new sensibility can be seen in the cultural valorization of the music of popular performers like Bob Dylan, and the Beatles.” (p 63) []

__Lawrence Alloway__ - <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">English-born American curator and art critic who wrote widely on a variety of popular art topics. He is credited with coining the now-common term Pop art, although its meaning came to be understood as “art about popular culture” rather than “the art of popular culture,” as he had suggested <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">. <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">

__Jean-Francois Lyotard__ - one of the world's foremost philosophers, noted for his analysis of the impact of postmodernity on the human condition. A key figure in contemporary French philosophy, his interdisciplinary discourse covers a wide variety of topics including knowledge and communication; the human body; modernist and postmodern art, literature, and music; film; time and memory; space, the city, and landscape; the sublime; and the relation between aesthetics and politics. []

__Jean Baudrillard__ - one of the foremost intellectual figures of the present age whose work combines philosophy, social theory, and an idiosyncratic cultural metaphysics that reflects on key events of phenomena of the epoch. A sharp critic of contemporary society, culture, and thought, Baudrillard is often seen as a major guru of French postmodern theory, although he can also be read as a thinker who combines social theory and philosophy in original and provocative ways and a writer who has developed his own style and forms of writing. []


 * __Fredric Jameson__** believes postmodernism is "the cultural dominant... of late capitalism." Unlike modernism postmodernism does not resist but instead replicates and reproduces the logic of consumer capitalism. In consumer capitalism the demand for goods is manipulated through mass marketing techniques therefore benefiting the sellers and taking advantage of the buyers. The postmodern culture is suffering from historical amnesia, locked into the flow of the present with no sense of history but yet feeds on the past. Jameson believes postmodernism is a world in which invention and innovation is no longer possible. There is no place for them to turn but to the past. (Storey)

**<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">David Harvey **-<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"> is the Distinguished Professor of Anthropology at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. A leading social theorist of international standing, he received his PhD in Geography from University of Cambridge in 1961. Widely influential, he is among the top 20 most cited authors in the humanities His work has contributed greatly to broad social and political debate, most recently he has been credited with helping to bring back social class and Marxist methods as serious methodological tools in the critique of global capitalism, particularly in its neoliberal ([])

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; text-align: center;">Jean Charlot
Jean Charlot is a French artist born in Paris and his mother was from Mexico. Later in his life he moved to Mexico with his mother and began painting the Mexican culture. This is portrayed in his style of painting as he mainly paints people of color, including Mexican, Hispanic, and Hawaiian. Those that he painted were common and were doing everyday tasks as opposed to being portrayed in an ideal way. After leaving Mexico he came to the United States and began teaching Fresco painting in Colorado Springs, CO. After leaving Colorado in 1949 he began teaching in Hawaii until he passed away in March of 1978. Jean Charlot’s artwork is considered folk art because he focuses on the cultures of indigenous people. He also focuses on the traditional roles of women as mothers. <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">([])



[] [] []


 * __Roberto Mantenegro__**

[]

He was born in Guadalajara, February 19th 1887; //died in// Mexico City, October 13th 1968. Mexican painter, printmaker, illustrator and stage designer. In 1903 he began studying painting in Guadalajara under Félix Bernardelli, an Italian who had established a school of painting and music there, and he produced his first illustrations for //Revista moderna//, a magazine that promoted the Latin American modernist movement and for which his cousin, the poet Amado Nervo, wrote. In 1905 he enrolled at the Escuela Nacional de Arte in Mexico City, where Diego Rivera was also studying, and won a grant to study in Europe. After two years in Madrid, Montenegro moved in 1907 to Paris, where he continued his studies and had his first contact with Cubism, meeting Picasso, Braque and Gris. He was a writer and critic that tried to devot attention away from European art by introducing popular art to the public. He was a promotor of popular art and introduced the first popular arts festival in 1921.



<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Roberto Montenegro’s painting invokes Mexico’s historical legacy of violence with elements that seem to reference both the conquest and its revolutionary wars. In //Desesperación// a brown horse occupies a theatrical tableau of sorts, indicated by the blue curtain draped to the right. An array of colonial-style architectural forms loom in the distance. Under a central arch stands a foreboding calavera. Sickle in hand, he merely waits from a safe distance as the agonized horse exerts itself in the final throes of death. In the foreground, a pile of pumpkin, squash and melons evokes Mexico’s agricultural heritage as well as mirroring the array of skulls under the horse’s belly, stacked in the manner of the tzompantli, or skull racks of pre-Conquest Mexico. The undulating landscape seems to erupt in a seismic spasm that threatens to swallow the entire scene. Does this juxtaposition of foodstuffs and skulls connote a kind of //vanitas//? It seems that the image expresses not just the passing of a single life, but the end of an epoch. In the context of 1940s postwar anxiety, felt across the Americas, Europe and Asia, this blending of still life convention with grand epic seems to convey a sense of biting irony, expressed all the more so by the struggling horse, whose front legs locked in one last death throe express his futile effort to raise his hindquarters, to shake the figure of death from his back.

**__ Contemporary Poetry __**


 * Langston Hughes **



Langston Hughes was born in 1902, Joplin Missouri. He was one of the leading poets of the “Harlem Renaissance” His poetry depicted the lives and experiences of ordinary black people. Langston Hughes’ poems are characterized by a musical and lyrical language. In fact many of his poems have been set to music. The major influences of Langston Hughes were Walt Whitman, The Bible and Carl Sandbury. Langston Hughes was one of the pioneer black authors who were able to support themselves through their writing. Later in his life he embraced radical politics. Like Du Bois, he felt it was important to be able to understand and appreciated his African roots. Langston Hughes remained unmarried and died in 1964 from complications following surgery for prostate cancer.

"To fling my arms wide In some place of the sun, To whirl and to dance Till the white day is done. Then rest at cool evening Beneath a tall tree While night comes on gently, Dark like me-- That is my dream!" From: Dream Variation ~ __The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes__

=<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; text-align: center;"> I, too, sing America =

I am the darker brother.

They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes, But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong.

Tomorrow, I'll be at the table When company comes. Nobody'll dare Say to me, "Eat in the kitchen," Then.

Besides, They'll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed--

I, too, am America.

-Langston Hughes

[|http://www.poetseers.org/contemporary_poets/modern_poets/langston_hughes/]

“When the genre first appeared in the '70s, critics predicted a quick demise, but rap music flourished and has re-shaped the terrain of American popular culture". Hip-hop artists are primarily concerned with negotiating the ideas of the genre from its ancestral roots (jazz and blues) to new trends of popular music. The majority of hip-hop music consists of sampled beats from other recognized tracks. In this manner, hip-hop music attempts to recollect the past in a provocative way. By bringing together a nexus of past instrumentals, the reproduction of popular beats significantly influences the already subversion of high art and culture into popular music, as stated in postmodern theory. Rap music, as perceived in academia, reflects the current condition of the streets. Underground rap takes the side of the repressed while the environment acts as the oppressor. In this way, underground artists are able to reveal their thoughts and concerns about their environment…” [] Professor Jackson gave an example of rap music with a message when he discussed Coolio’s //Gangsta’s Paradise.// The video and lyrics were set for the movie Dangerous Minds which was also discussed in class. [] The other song I am using is also by Coolio, titled //C U When You Get There//. The message in this song is to choose to get your act together. He uses the melody for //Pachelbel - Canon in D,// in this song taking what was once considered to be high culture and making it popular culture. Warning: in the beginning there is violence. Video is at [] The lyrics are at []

One last example is from Tupac titled //Keep Ya Head Up//. He was considered a tough street rapper, but he also had a side that was respectful towards his mother and the struggles she went through. It’s a message sent to men that it’s time to grow up and have respect for women. It’s also a message to women in that they can and will succeed and to keep surviving. The chorus is taken from The Five Stair steps //o-o-o child//. Link to the original song performed on 1971 Soul Train: [] Lyircs: [] Video: []